2012 Multispectral Color Orthophotography at .30m GSD, UTM z2S projection, GeoTIFF file format for American Samoa.

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Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title:
2012 Multispectral Color Orthophotography at .30m GSD, UTM z2S projection, GeoTIFF file format for American Samoa.
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: Reston, VA
Description:
Abstract:
The 2012 American Samoa aerial photography project produced 1' (.30m) GSD multispectral digital orthoimagery for approximately 85 square miles of the American Samoa islands of Tutuila, Aunu'u, Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u. An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed, thus it combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map.
Purpose:
The digital orthoimagery is both high resolution and spatially accurate, and can serve as a raster base image for mapping projects as well as a data source to support the derivation of new raster and vector data sets.
Supplemental_Information:
Digital aerial imagery was obtained in August 2012 using a large format Microsoft Vexcel Ultracam, equipped with Airborne GPS/IMU. A total of three areas consisting of 26 flight lines with 671 frames were acquired under a single task order, in multispectral (RGB and NIR) 8 bits per band format. The imagery was acquired with a 100.5 mm focal length at an altitude of 9,000' above mean terrain, to yield a raw pixel resolution of 1' (.30m) suitable for photogrammetric mapping and orthophoto production. The 'leaf condition' was not a concern but imagery was collected in the summer of 2012 under conditions free from flooding and excessive soil moisture. Within populated areas, no more than 5% clouds, cloud shadows, smoke, and haze are permitted. In the uninhabited areas of the islands 10% of clouds, cloud shadows, smoke, and haze may exist. There is no tide coordination. The sun angle threshold was 30 degrees. The imagery consisted of panchromatic, blue, green, red and near infrared bands. The three color bands and near infrared bands were pan sharpened and archived as frame imagery. All 4 bands were used in the orthophoto production. The two mission baseline information are as follows: August 2, 2012 minimum baseline length is 0.476km; maximum baseline length is 32.432km; and mean baseline length is 12.358km. August 3, 2012 minimum baseline length is 0.022km; maximum baseline length is 40.399km; and mean baseline length is 14.860km.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20120802
Ending_Date: 20120803
Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -170.851644
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -169.405585
North_Bounding_Coordinate: -14.147592
South_Bounding_Coordinate: -14.382132
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: rectified photograph
Theme_Keyword: rectified image
Theme_Keyword: orthophoto
Theme_Keyword: natural color orthophoto
Theme_Keyword: orthoimage
Theme_Keyword: image map
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:
U.S. Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 10-4): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Place_Keyword: US
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:
U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 5-2): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Place_Keyword: AS
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: American Samoa
Place_Keyword: Tutuila
Place_Keyword: Aunu'u
Place_Keyword: Ofu
Place_Keyword: Olosega
Place_Keyword: Ta'u
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
The United States Geological Survey shall not be held liable for any errors in this data. This includes errors of omission, errors of commission, content errors, and relative and positional accuracy errors in the data. This data should not be construed to be a legal document. Primary sources from which this data was compiled must be consulted for verification of information contained in this data. This data is in the public domain, and may not be resold.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Mike Duncan
Contact_Organization: United States Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 1400 Independence Road
City: Rolla
State_or_Province: MO
Postal_Code: 65401
Country: U.S.
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 573-308-3579
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 573-308-3810
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: e-mail: jduncan@usgs.gov
Hours_of_Service: 0800-1700 M-F EST
Contact_Instructions: Email is preferred.
Data_Set_Credit:
Orthophotos were produced for USGS by Photo Science under the USGS Geospatial Production and Services Contract, Contract Number G10PC00026, Task Order G12PD00480.
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Radiometry was verified by visual inspection of the digital orthophotos. Slight systematic radiometric differences may exist between adjacent orthoimage files; these are due primarily to differences in source image capture dates and sun angles along flight lines. These differences can be observed in an image's general lightness or darkness when it is compared to adjacent orthoimage file coverages. Tonal balancing was performed over a group of images during the mosaicking process in order to lighten or darken adjacent images for better color tone matching.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
All GeoTIFF tagged data and image file sizes were validated using commercial GIS software to ensure proper loading before being archived. This validation procedure ensured correct physical format and field values for tagged elements. Seam lines and tile edges were visually inspected.
Completeness_Report:
The 'leaf condition' was not a concern but imagery was collected in the summer of 2012 under conditions free from flooding and excessive soil moisture. Within populated areas, no more than 5% clouds, cloud shadows, smoke, and haze are permitted. In the uninhabited areas of the islands 10% of clouds, cloud shadows, smoke, and haze may exist. There is no tide coordination. The sun angle threshold was 30 degrees. To ensure complete coverage, photography was collected for all tiles that intersected the islands of American Samoa (Tutuila, Aunnu'u, Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u). Orthoimages were visually inspected for completeness to ensure that no gaps or image misplacements exist within and between adjacent images.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
This 0.30m Ground Sample Distance (GSD) digital ortho imagery was compiled to meet a 1.52 meter (5') horizontal accuracy at 95% confidence level(0.88-meters Root Mean Squared (RMSE) Error XY (0.62 meter RMSE X or Y) based on NSSDA testing guidelines. This accuracy requirement is not applicable in areas where the ground is obscured on the aerial imagery by foliage, prevalent smoke, or dense shadow.
Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.709
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: RMSE at CE95 in meters. Please see Accuracy Analyst report.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: There is no vertical component for orthophotos.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Raw Aerial Imagery
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Type_of_Source_Media: External Hard Drive
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20120828
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: IMG1
Source_Contribution:
The digital aerial imagery was obtained using a large format Microsoft Vexcel Ultracam. Aerial imagery was supplemented with the simultaneous acquisition of airborne GPS/IMU data, which captured the ground coordinate for the nadir point of each photograph. Aerial imagery was exposed at an altitude of 9,000' above mean terrain yielding an approximate GSD of 1 foot. A minimum of 70% forward gain and 40% sidelap was collected to ensure full stereo coverage. The aerial images are used in the production of orthophotos.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Georeferenced Aerial Imagery
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Type_of_Source_Media: External Hard Drive
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2012
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: CONT
Source_Contribution:
Targeted ground control was collected for use in the Aerotriangulation process. Sixty-five (65) photo identifiable ground control points were selected and surveyed to adequately cover the entire state. Details of each point can be found in the full control report.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: LiDAR_DEM
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Type_of_Source_Media: External
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2012
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: LiDAR_DEM
Source_Contribution:
Photo Science developed classified, bare earth, .LAS LiDAR data at a 1-meter nominal post spacing with a fundamental 15 cm vertical accuracy at 95% confidence interval. Some areas of Ta'u were missing LiDAR so a stereocompiled DEM was created from the imagery.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: Exterior Orientation File
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: ASCII Text File
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2012
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: EOFILE
Source_Contribution:
Exterior Orientation (EO) Parameters (x,y,z,omega,phi,kappa) were produced to provide precise photocenter locations for each frame of imagery. The two mission baseline information are as follows: August 2, 2012 minimum baseline length is 0.476km; maximum baseline length is 32.432km; and mean baseline length is 12.358km. August 3, 2012 minimum baseline length is 0.022km; maximum baseline length is 40.399km; and mean baseline length is 14.860km. Aerotriangulation was necessary to achieve the accuracy requirements of the project.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: SoftCopy Aerotriangulation
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: ASCII Report File
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2012
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: ATSOL
Source_Contribution:
SoftCopy Aerotriangulation is a computer process of densifying the ground control network from locations in a few of the digital images to numerous points in each digital image that is to be used in the mapping process. This process is dependent on the location and coordinate positions of the ABGPS and GPS photo control points as well as a precise camera calibration for the Microsoft Vexcel Ultracam camera used to capture the images.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: Tile definition
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: none
Publisher: none
Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2012
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: TLDEF
Source_Contribution:
The tile definition was used to cut orthorectified imagery into manageable, usable images in UTM projection. The UTM deliverables defined by this tile definition were modeled after the U.S. National Grid and references NAD83 UTM projection, units of Meters. Each tile is 1500 X 1500 meters.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Stereo Imagery
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Type_of_Source_Media: External Hard Drive
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2012
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: StereoIMG
Source_Contribution:
The stereoimages are the product of the processed stereo imagery frames and the Aerotriangulation solution. Digital imagery was produced in TIF file format, 4-band, 8-bit stereo pairs.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Orthorectified Image
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Type_of_Source_Media: disc, DVD or online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2012
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: OIMG
Source_Contribution:
Orthorectified images were geometrically corrected to achieve a uniform scale. Each frame was adjusted for topographic relief, lens distortion and camera tilt.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Photo Science
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Tiled Orthophoto
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Type_of_Source_Media: disc, DVD or online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2012
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: OIMGTILE
Source_Contribution:
The tiled orthophoto was the result of mosaicking orthorectified imagery and using the tile definition to cut the data into manageable, usable orthophotos. 173 ortho tiles for delivery to USGS were created.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Sixty-five (65) photo identifiable control locations were selected and surveyed to adequately cover the entire state. Details of each point can be found in the full control report. Accuracies of 10cm or better (horizontally and vertically) were required.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: None
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: CONT
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
New digital aerial imagery was obtained in the spring of 2012 using a large format Microsoft Vexcel Ultracam equipped with Airborne GPS/IMU. A total of 22 flight lines with 671 frames were collected in multispectral (RGB and NIR) 12 bits per band format. The imagery was acquired with a 100.5 mm focal length at an altitude of 9,000' above mean terrain, to yield a raw pixel resolution of 1' (.30 m) suitable for photogrammetric mapping and orthophoto production. The 'leaf condition' was not a concern but imagery was collected in the summer of 2012 under conditions free from flooding and excessive soil moisture. Within populated areas, no more than 5% clouds, cloud shadows, smoke, and haze are permitted. In the uninhabited areas of the islands 10% of clouds, cloud shadows, smoke, and haze may exist. There is no tide coordination. The sun angle threshold was 30 degrees. To ensure complete coverage, photography was collected for all tiles that intersected the islands of American Samoa (Tutuila, Aunnu'u, Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u). Orthoimages were visually inspected for completeness to ensure that no gaps or image misplacements exist within and between adjacent images.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: None
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: IMG1
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Imagery and AGPS/IMU data is downloaded from the hard drive on the plane to the hard drive on the ground. AGPS/IMU mission data is processed together with continuously collected ground-based CORS GPS base station data in forward and reverse directions. This precisely determines the aerial camera's position and orientation in the terrain (project) coordinate system and allows for correct orientation of the imagery.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: None
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: EOFILE
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The EOFILE, raw frames, and control points were input into ISAT in order to complete the SoftCopy Aerotriangulation, described in ATSOL source contribution, and assembled into a block. A second degree block adjustment is run along with the full least squares bundle adjustment. Once the last set of blunders and adjustments are complete, a final block bundle adjustment is run to produce the final solution. The final adjustment of the block is accomplished by using a rigorous simultaneous least squares bundle adjustment. The general procedure is to remove all blunders from the data using automatic blunder detection. The bundle adjustment is then run with minimal ground control to test the photogrammetric measurements for consistency. Next, the full ground control data set, including ABGPS data, is added to the adjustment. The horizontal control is then tightened and the effect on the vertical control and the photogrammetric residuals are inspected. The final adjustment makes sure that all of the measurements are in balance with each other and properly represent the actual conditions.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: IMG1
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: ATSOL
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: CONT
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: StereoIMG
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The rectification process required as input a digital elevation model (LiDAR_DEM), imagery (IMG1) and soft copy aerotriangulation solution (ATSOL). The orthorectified imagery was produced using Intergraph Orthopro software. It used ImageStation Photogrammetric Manager (ISPM) for photogrammetry project setup, file management, and importing triangulation data from a user defined ASCII file (ATSOL). The ortho project records all the operations, including all the parameters that are defined through the OrthoPro workflow, such as the project area coordinates, pixel size, rotation angle, ISPM project and its unorthorectified source images, product areas (TLDEF) orthorectification settings, seamlines and so on. The results are single frame images that have yet to be mosaicked into manageable tiled orthos. The single frame orthos were checked for accuracy against the surveyed ground control before further image editing.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: IMG1, LiDAR_DEM, ATSOL
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: OIMG1
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Orthorectified imagery was mosaicked, locally color-balanced and cut to the tile definition boundaries (TLDEF) using Intergraph Orthopro software. Tiled orthophotos then went through a rigorous manual QC process to evaluate for remaining hotspots (sun reflectance over water), tone quality, color balance and the feathering area along seamlines. Any imperfections at this point were manually edited. Clouds and cloud shadows were attempted to be minimized by using alternate views from adjoining frames. The tiled images were then converted to the required file format (GeoTIFF) and transferred to external hard drives for delivery to USGS.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: OIMG1, TLDEF
Process_Date: 2012
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: OIMGTILE
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 1500
Column_Count: 1500
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 0.30
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.30
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 2
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -171.00000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 10000000.00000000
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 HARN
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101000020000
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
These digital orthophotos are composed of 4 bands or channels of information. Each band comprises a grid of pixels containing digital numbers ranging from 0-255, and representing colors in the red, green, blue (RGB) or near infrared (NIR) portions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: None
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: NOAA Coastal Services Center
Contact_Person: Clearinghouse Manager
Contact_Position: Clearinghouse Manager
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue
City: Charleston
State_or_Province: SC
Postal_Code: 29405-2413
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (843)740-1210
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (843)740-1224
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: clearinghouse@noaa.gov
Hours_of_Service: 9:00am - 5:00pm
Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
Distribution_Liability:
Woolpert prepared the original data as set forth in the Scope of Services, in accordance with reasonable care and due diligence as set forth in this Agreement, however, due to the easily alterable nature of electronic media, files, documents, and other deliverables, Woolpert, Inc. makes no warranties, either expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose, including, but not limited to, use of any/all data as described within this metadata file, by any user of this data. Any use will be at the end-user's sole risk.
Custom_Order_Process:
<http://www.csc.noaa.gov/dataviewer>. This data set is dynamically generated based on user-specified parameters.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20121218
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: NOAA Coastal Services Center
Contact_Person: Metadata Specialist
Contact_Position: Metadata Specialist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2234 S Hobson Ave.
City: Charleston
State_or_Province: SC
Postal_Code: 29405
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 843-740-1210
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 843-740-1224
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csc@noaa.gov
Hours_of_Service: 9:00am - 5:00pm
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
Generated by mp version 2.9.12 on Tue Dec 18 10:41:41 2012